RPA is often considered as an alternative or even replacement to BPM. However, both technologies are complementary and closely similar.
RPA plays an important role to introduce modern process governance and automation into business domain, which most desperately needs it, namely, outdated legacy IT systems missing any other alternatives to orchestrate and automate.
Implementation of RPA over such systems de facto includes them into modern BPM workflows. Realization of RPA indirectly creates ready and practically proven BPM mapping, which can and should be further used as a ground for systematic upgrade and gradual replacement of existing legacy IT systems with contemporary architecture.
In this way, RPA paves a road to efficient BPM driven digital transformation of an organization based on process discovery achieved during RPA deployment. It is important, however, not to consider RPA as an ultimate goal but as a starting point in digital modernization.
There always exists a discrepancy between a model of business process, however well designed and accurate, and real execution of this process in a business environment. The reason for this gap is an unforeseen depth and hidden details inherent to any real process. Real business model of organization is ultimately unlimited in its depth. Going from highest management levels, it descends to individual departments, client relations, production units, technical code of equipment and controllers etc. In vast majority of cases, it is impossible and senseless to build a complete model covering all and every fine detail of the business. Omitted lower layers of the model create (pseudo) random fluctuations during execution of the model. Real execution paths of a process never follow its model exactly. However, in case of the correct model, we can expect to see that an ensemble of execution paths statistically converges to the model as to its average path over a significant set of observation...
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